State – Any stage in the development of a print at which impressions are made. Print pulled from an inked printing plate. The burr wears down quickly due to the pressure of the printing process, meaning that only a limited number of high quality impressions can be made from a plate that includes drypoint. These raised parts, called the burr, hold ink when the plate is printed and produced the characteristic velvety drypoint lines. When the surface of the plate is scratched with a tool, ridges of metal are displaced along the sides of the line. The amount of rosin on the plate and the length of time the plate remains in the acid bath determine the tones in the printed impression.ĭrypoint – A technique in which marks are cut directly into a metal plate with a sharp tool, without the use of ground or acid. Once the rosin is removed, the plate is covered in ink, which collects in the small recessed areas created by the acid. The plate is immersed in acid, which eats away at the metal, creating recesses around each particle. Fine particles of acid-resistant rosin are deposited on a metal plate and adhered to the surface with heat. Not long after the first woodcuts were made, the intaglio process of engraving emerged in Germany in the 1430s and was used throughout other areas of northern and southern Europe by the second half of the fifteenth century (intaglio is a category of printmaking that includes engraving, drypoint and etching). Techniques include etching, engraving, aquatint, and drypoint.Īquatint – A technique that creates printed tonal areas that resemble watercolor or ink wash. Ink from incised marks on a plate rather than from its surface. – A category of printmaking techniques that transfers
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